Battle of st albans jasper tudor12/3/2023 ![]() Margaret of Anjou nevertheless suspected York of wishing to supplant her infant son, Edward, as Henry's successor, and the heirs of the Lancastrian nobles who were killed at St Albans remained at deadly feud with York. He was reappointed Lord Protector and Lieutenant of Ireland. Īfter the battle, York reaffirmed his loyalty to King Henry, who had been found abandoned in a shop in the town. At the First Battle of St Albans, many of York's and Salisbury's rivals and enemies were killed, including Somerset, the Earl of Northumberland (whose family, the Percys, had been involved in a long-running feud with the Nevilles) and Lord Clifford. įearing arrest for treason, York and his most prominent allies, the Nevilles (York's brother in law, the Earl of Salisbury and his son, the Earl of Warwick, later known as the "Kingmaker"), finally resorted to armed force in 1455. During Henry's madness his queen, Margaret of Anjou, had given birth to a son, which dashed York's hopes of becoming king if Henry died. The Great Council of peers appointed York Lord Protector and he governed the country responsibly, but Henry recovered his sanity after eighteen months and restored Somerset to favour. Then in 1453, Henry VI suffered a complete mental breakdown. In 1452, York marched on London in an attempt to force Henry to dismiss Somerset from the government, but at this stage he lacked support and was forced to swear not to take arms against the king at Old St Paul's Cathedral. ![]() York was appointed Lieutenant of Ireland, effectively exiling him from court, while Somerset increased his influence over the king. However, there was always the possibility that this could be circumvented and the Beaufort line eventually produced King Henry VII and the Tudor dynasty (via Somerset's niece, Margaret Beaufort). Originally illegitimate, the Beauforts had been made legitimate by an Act of Parliament but were supposedly barred from the line of succession to the throne. His rival, Somerset, belonged to the Beaufort family, who were distant cousins of King Henry. York was not only the wealthiest magnate in the land, but was also descended through both his parents from King Edward III, leading to calls that he be recognised as successor to the childless King Henry. York had been Lieutenant in France for several years and resented being supplanted in that office by Somerset, who had then failed to defend Normandy against French armies. York argued for a more vigorous prosecution of the war, to recover territories recently lost to the French, while Somerset belonged to the party which tried to secure peace by making concessions. By the early 1450s, the most important rivalry was that between Richard, Duke of York, and Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset. There were increasingly bitter divisions among the officials and councillors who governed in Henry's name, mainly over the conduct of the Hundred Years' War with France. He grew up to be an ineffective king, and prone to spells of mental illness. King Henry VI ascended the throne in 1422, when he was only nine months old. Many of the prominent Yorkist leaders and their family members died in the battle or were captured and executed. He was killed and his army was destroyed. His reasons for doing so have been variously ascribed to deception by the Lancastrian armies, or treachery by some nobles and Lancastrian officers who York thought were his allies, or simple rashness or miscalculation by York. Richard of York marched north to deal with them, but found he was outnumbered.Īlthough he occupied Sandal Castle, York sortied from the castle on 30 December. ![]() Margaret of Anjou and several prominent nobles were irreconcilably opposed to this accord, and massed their armies in the north. Instead, in an agreement known as the Act of Accord, he was made Henry's heir to the throne, displacing from the succession Henry's and Margaret's 7-year-old son Edward, Prince of Wales. After open warfare broke out between the factions and Henry became his prisoner, he laid claim to the throne, but lacked sufficient support. The opposing forces were an army led by nobles loyal to the captive King Henry VI of the House of Lancaster and his Queen Margaret of Anjou on one side, and the army of Richard, Duke of York, the rival claimant to the throne, on the other.įor several years before the battle, the Duke of York had become increasingly opposed to the weak King Henry's court. It was a major battle of the Wars of the Roses. The Battle of Wakefield took place in Sandal Magna near Wakefield in northern England, on 30 December 1460. – Battle of Wakefield – other battles – other places
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